In short
- W: water-based cleaners are fine.
- S: solvent-based cleaners only, no water.
- WS: either. X: vacuum or brush only.
Where to find the code
- On a label under the seat cushions or on the platform beneath them.
- On the underside of the couch, or on the back of the frame.
- In the care instructions that came with it, or on the maker's website.
What each code means
| Code | Means | Safe to spot clean yourself? |
|---|---|---|
| W | Clean with water-based products | Usually, with care. Test first and don't over-wet. |
| S | Solvent-based (dry-cleaning) products only | Best left to a professional. |
| WS or S/W | Water-based or solvent-based | Yes, with mild products. Test first. |
| X | Vacuum or brush only, no liquids | No wet cleaning at all. |
Leather is different
Leather couches don't use these codes. Most can be wiped with a barely damp cloth and cared for with a cleaner and conditioner made for leather. Don't steam clean leather, don't soak it, and test any product on a hidden area first. Aniline and nubuck leathers mark easily, so check the maker's advice.
Spot cleaning safely
- Vacuum first, using the upholstery tool, to lift loose dirt.
- Test your product on a hidden spot, such as the back or under a cushion.
- Blot the spill from the outside in. Don't scrub.
- Use as little liquid as possible. Water that soaks into the foam can leave rings as it dries.
- Dry with moving air: open a window or use a fan.
When to call a professional
- The code is S or X, or there's no code at all.
- The whole couch looks dull or grubby, not just one spot.
- Water rings from a previous attempt.
- Velvet, linen, silk or other delicate fabrics.
- Pet accidents or anything that has soaked into the cushions.
